There, they make spectacular dives to prey on small fish or squid spotted on the water’s surface. READ MORE: Exploring Santa Cruz & Espanola Islands, Latin Name: Myiarchus magnirostris They include animals only found in the Galapagos Islands such as the Flightless Cormorant, Galapagos Flamingo, Galapagos Penguins, Darwin’s Finches, Marine Iguanas, and more. Diet: Invertebrates, snakes, rodents, lizards Conservation Status: Least Concern, population stable. A trip to the Galápagos is a chance to see some of the world’s weirdest animals. The Galapagos Islands in Ecuador are home to many animal species found nowhere else in the world. Galapagos Islands wildlife: Photos of unusual animals Skip to main content World's largest independently owned Ecotourism / Green Travel / Sustainable Travel / Animal & Wildlife Conservation site. Diet: Caterpillars, flowers, cacti, seeds, fruits Habitat: Tropical/Subtropical islands in Pacific Ocean Conservation Status: Least Concern, population stable. Photos and videos of wildlife, places, and nature from WWF. They played a crucial role in Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection, as each Galapagos species has a distinctive beak size and shape and specialized feeding behavior. Latin Name: Ogcocephalus darwini Habitat: Subtropical forests and shrublands in the Galapagos Islands Conservation Status: Critically Endangered. a galapagos sea lion on the beach with a cruise ship and turquoise ocean in the distance, galapagos islands - galapagos islands stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images. From a historical perspective, the islands’remote location and harsh volcanic terrain played a huge role in their current status as a world-renowned nature sanctuary. [Updated 2/14/2020]  In a rugged archipelago situated 600 miles off the coast of Ecuador, there are more than 200 recorded species of Galapagos Islands animals. Conservation Status: Least Concern, population decreasing. The Galapagos Sea Lion is listed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature as an Endangered Species. They’re nocturnal, spending most of the day roosting under leaves in the forest. The omnivore eats almost anything– seeds, eggs, fruit and more– and helps to distribute viable seeds across the islands after digesting them. Q&A w/Swen Lorenz of the Charles Darwin Foundation, Darwin’s Paradise: A Galapagos Islands Adventure, Exploring San Cristobal & Genovesa Islands, Secrets to Swimming With Galapagos Penguins, 7 Life Lessons I Learned in the Galapagos Islands, Wildlife on North Seymour Island, Galapagos, Exploring North Seymour & Bartolome Islands. See more ideas about Galapagos, Galapagos islands, Animals. Conservation Status: Vulnerable, population stable. The best place to see them is near the horseshoe-shaped beach on Genovesa Island, which is aptly nicknamed “Bird Island” for the huge colonies you’ll find there. Diet: Eels, fish, squid. Conservation Status: Least Concern, population decreasing. The Flightless Cormorant ranks among the world’s rarest bird species, with less than 1000 left in the Galapagos Islands. I made my trip with the tour operator Gulliver Expeditions from Quito, they were amazing. The illicium on its head is used for the same purpose. Latin Name: Zenaida galapagoensis Conservation Status: Least Concern. Size: Up to 1 foot Conservation Status: Near Threatened. We were also featured in the 2017 National Geographic book, Ultimate Journeys for Two, for which we contributed a chapter on our adventures in Rwanda. I’ve always thought that Galapagos Marine Iguanas look like little Godzillas, hissing and sneezing in order to expel excess salt from their nasal glands. Diet: Algae, detritus, uneaten food, etc. Latin Name: Conolophus subcristatus Though large Galapagos Sharks can be aggressive, the smaller ones we have seen while snorkeling were among the most human-shy of all the Galapagos Islands animals. But in the water– where we saw them nearly every time we snorkeled– Galapagos Sea Lions transform into elegant and engaging acrobats. They’re pretty common, especially in the archipelago’s arid lowlands. Photos of colourful, cool Lava Lizards, endemic to the Galapagos Islands. Nazca Boobies lay two eggs, but the oldest chick typically kills the youngest. 39 40 0. A species of terrestrial lizard, the Galapagos land iguana (Conolophus subcristatus) is endemic to the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Island Penguins are mostly seen on Fernandina and Isabela, where fewer than 1,000 breeding pairs remain. Crab Galapagos Ecuador. The Galapagos Islands have a low biodiversity (that is, few species), because the islands are 600 miles from the nearest land and this huge expanse of inhospitable ocean in-between makes it very difficult for new kinds of plants and animals to reach the islands. Size: 10 to 20 cm, .2 to 1.4 ounces READ MORE: The World’s Best Small Ship Cruises, Latin Name: Buteo galapagoensis Similar in size to a red-tailed hawk, they use their sharp beaks and claws to prey on lizards, snakes, rodents, marine iguanas and the occasional turtle hatchling. Conservation Status: Vulnerable, population increasing. SEE PRICING & PLANS. Diet: Fish, sardines, anchovies, mackerel, squid Mating pairs of these beautiful birds will nest on steep slopes, ledges, and beaches, frequently staying together and breeding year after year. READ MORE: Birds of the Galapagos Islands, Latin Name: Sula granti Habitat: Shallow waters, coastlines Galapagos / Archipelago of Ecuador An increasing threat is the introduction of animals such goats, cattle and cats. READ MORE: Secrets to Swimming With Galapagos Penguins, Latin Name: Asio flammeus Size: 32 to 34 inches, 3.4 pounds These volcanic islands have one of the greatest variety of unique animals and birds found anywhere in the world. Also known as the Dusky Gull, the Lava Gull is currently considered the rarest gull in the world, with an estimated 300-500 individuals left. Some experts believe they are attracted to the reflection of themselves in the lenses, believing it to be another bird. Size: 35 to 40 inches, 5.5 to 11 pounds Conservation Status: Critically Endangered, population decreasing. Here you can browse a collection of images of Galapagos wildlife. This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. loveforearth: “ Wildlife in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador (by LeightonOConnor) ”, Photo gallery of some of the Galapagos excursions from the M/V Evolution of Quasar Expeditions, which has two small, classic expedition yachts. Situated on the north end of Isabela Island, Wolf Volcano is the area’s tallest peak (5,600 feet), and erupted in 2015 after 33 years of inactivity. The sheer variety of animals in the Galapagos is what separates a trip there from any other type of vacation. The Galapagos Islands are under threat from human intervention and population growth. Diet: Plants, grasses, leaves As a result of these conservation efforts, the Galapagos Islands remains one of the world’s most pristine and unspoiled UNESCO World Heritage Sites, with a remarkable array of mammals, reptiles, amphibians and bird species to be seen. The tall first dorsal fin is a distinguishing characteristic: It has a slightly rounded tip and starts over the rear tip of their pectoral fins. Latin Name: Chelonoidis nigra Diet: Algae With few natural predators, the Galápagos Hawk plays a vital role in the archipelago’s ecosystem. But they don’t help much in terms of preventing them from being a favorite snack among Galapagos Hawks and Lava Lizards. Collectively, they fill the roles of some seven different families of birds that are found on mainland South America. It was formerly lumped in with the Green Heron, and is considered by some experts (including BirdLife International) to be a subspecies of the Striated Heron. Galapagos Animals Adaptation, evolution, endemism and fearlessness are probably the concepts that best describe the only animals that complement the natural magic of the Galapagos Islands. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. Habitat: Galapagos Islands There are three species of endemic snakes found in the Galapagos Islands. It’s also the only Flycatcher found in the Galapagos Islands. Up to 30% off cruises remaining for 2014. See more ideas about galapagos, galapagos islands, island. The Galapagos Tortoise is, by all means, the most symbolic of all Galapagos animals (thanks, mainly, to the famed Lonesome George).These enormous, slow-moving reptiles inhabit the islands of Santa Cruz, Isabela, and San Cristóbal, and their … They’re a constant presence on the rocky volcanic shores of the Galapagos, skittering amongst the Sea Lions and Marine Iguanas to feed on algae. 1. Of famous marine iguanas. Latin Name: Creagrus furcatus Images Photos Vector graphics Illustrations Videos. Heres the scoo… Galapagos Finches) belong to the tanager family and are not closely related to true finches. Where populations elsewhere require large groups for successful breeding, Galápagos Flamingos can breed with just a few pairs present, producing chicks with grey plumage. Size: 30 to 35 inches, 3 to 5 pounds Vectors. Habitat: Tropical/Subtropical Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Oceans Diet: Small fish, squid 97 Free images of Galapagos Islands. They seem really awkward on land, with a lurching side-to-side gait, loud barks and an array of bizarre noises. Reset All Filters Sea Lion Family in sand lying on beach Galapagos Islands - Cute adorable Animals. He’s an in-demand speaker at travel conferences, covering topics ranging from branding and content marketing to responsible travel and how DMOs can work with bloggers. Conservations: Least Concern. It's an awe-inspiring trip you'll never forget, says Horatio Clare. Size: 3.5 to 4.5 inches, .43 ounces All hosted affiliate links follow our editorial policies. Conservation Status: Least Concern, population stable. Size: approx 3.6 feet, 11 pounds Commonly spotted around offshore islands in tropical areas around the world, this species can be difficult to differentiate from other reef sharks, such as the Dusky Shark and Grey Reef Shark. But my favorite memory is of snorkeling the Galapagos, and seeing Marine Iguanas feeding on algae on rocks 20 feet below us. From weird pink iguanas and painted insects; to mysterious new species; here are STRANGEST Creatures of the Galapagos Islands ! Their flight pattern is oddly irregular, more like a moth or bat than other birds. Size: 5.9 to 6.3 inches, .4 to .66 ounces Size: 9.8 to 11 feet, 100 pounds The Blue Footed Booby Dance is an elaborate mating ritual, with stampy-feet and a pose known as “skypointing,”. You won’t often see them on the sandy shores of Galapagos beaches, so look for them lazing about on rocks near the water. 17 12 5. Also known as the Large-billed Flycatcher or Papamoscas, this beautiful bird is the smallest species in its genus. The 28 Most Unique Galapagos Animals Galapagos Tortoise. READ MORE: Q&A w/Swen Lorenz of the Charles Darwin Foundation, Latin Name: Phalacrocorax harrisi Habitat: Continental/Insular shelves Habitat: Coastal shrubland, lowland, Galapagos Islands Measuring just 19 inches long and weighing 5 pounds, these tiny Galapagos penguins have genetically adapted to the heat (59º-82ºF). Diet: Plants, shrubs, cactus Habitat: Coastlines, Tropical/Subtropical oceans, mangrove cays They also perform a unique bee-like function, helping to pollinate the Opuntia Cactus upon which they like to feed. Not only from that of other islands in the archipelago, but from that of neighboring volcanoes on Isabela Island. Diet: Fish, squid, octopus, crustaceans But you wouldn’t know it from touring the islands, where these curious cuties are practically everywhere. Conservation Status: Endangered, population decreasing. If you ask most visitors, they would say that the animal they most want to see is the giant tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra). Size: 35 to 45 inches, 35.3 to 67 ounces The Islands host around 24 bird species including endemic species such as the Galapagos Hawk and the Galapagos Penguin. Focus on marine iguana. November in the Galapagos is one of the most magical times of year, where gorgeous weather, annual wildlife nesting events and perfect conditions for marine exploration combine for a truly one-of... Take a look at all the great photos that capture the true personalities of our own Galapagos Sea Lions that you will encounter over and over again on your Galapagos Cruise with Quasar! Habitat: Tropical forests / shrubland of Galapagos Islands Latin Name: Arctocephalus galapagoensis Disclaimer: This post may contain affiliate links. Habitat: Galapagos Islands If you are looking for information about the specific Galapagos animals, click here to skip to that section. The ears aren’t usually visible, as they’re displayed only when the owl strikes a defensive pose. Photos. We are open to discussing advertising, sponsorships, brand ambassadorships, freelance work, speaking/teaching engagements, and consulting opportunities. They feed by either snatching fish from the ocean’s surface or forcing other birds to regurgitate their meal so they can steal it. 1. With bodies up to 45 inches long and a massive wingspan, they can usually be seen soaring aloft (often on wind currents created by boats), never touching the water. Conservation Status: Vulnerable. Woman taking pictures on Isabela. Diet: Small fish, squid The 14 species of Darwin’s Finches (a.k.a. We share transformative Responsible Travel, Sustainable Living & Going Green Tips that make a positive impact. Size: 18 to 23 inches, 1.8 to 3 pounds Size: 13 to 17 inches, 7.3 to 16.8 ounces The Galapagos Islands nearest mainland, Ecuador, lies 600 miles (970 kilometres) to the East. Latin Name: Mimus parvulus Also known as the Red-Lipped Batfish, this freaky-faced fish can be found only in the Galapagos Islands, usually at depths of anywhere from 10 to 250 feet. Download Galapagos stock photos. 297 288 39. Latin Name: Sula nebouxii Latin Name: Butorides striata The highly territorial, solitary nesters are most commonly seen on the islands of Genovesa, Isabela, San Cristobal, and Santa Cruz. Latin Name: Carcharhinus galapagensis Ecotourism tourist photographer taking wildlife photos on Galapagos Islands. The vividly colorful Galapagos Land Iguana is arguably among my favorite animals of the Galapagos Islands. READ MORE: 60 Weird Animals from Around the World, Latin Name: Grapsus grapsus Classified as Critically Endangered due to their small breeding range, the Galapagos Waved Albatross is only found on Española Island. Galapagos is also extraordinary because of the unique experience one has while visiting it. Diet: Squid, fish, crustaceans The hungry crab at the Galapagos Islands is probably one of the coolest things I have ever seen. Sail away on massive ocean liners, small river boats and everything in-between. In the Galapagos … They can usually be found in saltwater lagoons near the sea, feeding on the brine shrimp whose aqueous bacteria and beta carotene give them their pink color. Size: 20 to 22 inches, 22 to 28 ounces Fearless and accessible wildlife makes this place an incomparable photographic destination. Native animals are found naturally in Galapagos and elsewhere: the Frigatebird is a good example. Crab Galapagos Krabbe. Other awards we've won include Best Feature from both the Caribbean Tourism Organization and the Magazine Association of the Southeast. The Nazca Booby, which was formerly known as a Masked Booby due to distinctive facial markings, is known for committing siblicide. Their thick fur ranges in color from dark brown to light gray color, and males are much larger than females. Among its most unique resident is the critically endangered Pink Land Iguana, which was first discovered in 1986 and identified as a distinct species in 2009. The islands offer you the chance to see many fascinating species of mammals, birds, and reptiles. Elated by abundant animals and the strange beauty of the islands, I shot a lot of photos … Diet: Fish, squid, shellfish Latin Name: Fregata magnificens Latin Name: Lasiurus borealis Size: 3 to 5 feet, 25 pounds Your photos are amazing! Unlike mammals, reptiles are able to survive long periods without water, which equipped them with the ability to make the epic 620-mile journey to the volcanic islands from the mainland millions of years ago. Diet: Prickly pear cactus, fruits, flowers, grasses Size: 3 to 5 inches, .5 pounds They usually roost alone on trees, hidden by foliage, but can occasionally be found in cave colonies with other bats. Iguana Lizard Galapagos. Habitat: Shoreline / Deciduous forest / Galapagos Islands READ MORE: Exploring Genovesa & Fernandina Islands, Latin Name: Geospiza magnirostris The three booby species rank among the most popular birds of the Galapagos Islands, and the Blue-Footed Booby was easily our favorite. Habitat: Steep, Rocky Slopes of Galapagos islands The Galapagos Snake includes two subspecies– the Fernandina Snake seen above and the Isabela Snake– which are common on the islands for which they’re named. Diet: Fish, crustaceans, lizards, turtles, iguanas Probably the most famous visitor to the Galapagos, Charles Darwin was so impressed by the variety that he spent 5 weeks studying the Galapagos wildlife. The Galapagos Islands are known for their unique array of wildlife, and they are home to many species that are not found in any other place in the world. Red-Footed Boobies typically nest in trees and shrubs on the outer-most islands, because they prefer to feed far out to sea. The Galapagos Red Bat is a subspecies of the Southern Red Bat, which is found in North and South America. I had an excellent time watching this one on the shores of Fernandina Island as it stalked fish and Sally Lightfoot Crabs, spearing them with his sharp beak at lightning speed. The islands were a favorite spot among pirates (who pillaged the Galapagos tortoise population for meat) and whalers (who plundered its waters for their ample bounty) in the 17th and 18th centuries. 17 16 1. Diet: Beetles, moths, ants, other insects It’s a fairly large bat, measuring up to 5.7 inches long, with a 15-inch wingspan. Size: 19 to 21 inches, 5.5 pounds Galapagos pink flamingos. The Galapagos dove isn’t the most rare or endangered bird in the Galapagos. Diet: Fish, squid The ancient landscape and rare inhabitants of the Galápagos Islands give visitors a unique view of the natural world. Latin Name: Phoebastria irrorata But our opinions always remain our own, and we will never compromise our obligation of integrity to our readers. The location of these volcanic islands – at the confluence of large currents – has provided unique habitats for over 1300 species making the collection of Galapagos Islands animals like no other in the world. Conservation Status: Least Concern, population stable. . Perhaps this is due to over-fishing and poaching for their fins, which– when combined with their slow reproductive rate– has landed the species on the IUCN’s Near Threatened list. Conservation Status: Least Concern. Size: 43 to 59 inches, 4.4 to 8.8 pounds Habitat: Lava rock coastlines, saltwater lagoons, mangrove forests But where the Southern Red Bat migrates with the seasons, its Galapagos cousin is believed to remain relatively sedentary. Galapagos animals - Marine Iguana and Flightless cormorant at Punta Espinoza. Measuring around 13-17 inches long, the Short-eared Owl boasts beautiful plumage, mottle tawny and brown with a barred tail and wings. Animals of the Galápagos See Galapágos animal pictures (including tortoises, sharks, and birds) in this photo gallery from National Geographic. READ MORE: Wildlife on North Seymour Island, Galapagos, Latin Name: Conolophus marthae Habitat: Coastlines, shorelines / Galapagos Islands / western coast of South and Central America Conservation Status: Endangered, population decreasing. Though large Galapagos Sharks can be aggressive, the smaller ones we have seen while snorkeling were among the most human-shy of all the Galapagos Islands animals. This is a bold, curious bird that’s known for perching on visitors and/or their cameras. Pairs usually mate for life, typically arriving in late March and doing an elaborate mating dance to ensure they have the right partner. Habitat: Wolf Volcano, Isabela Island, Galapagos Habitat: Galapagos Islands A Visual Guide to the Galapagos Islands and Its Unique Wildlife The wildlife of the Galapagos Islands includes some of the world's most unique animals—marine iguanas, Galapagos land iguanas, blue-footed boobies, Galapagos tortoises and many others. Galapagos Islands. In addition to its red lips, the fish (a terrible swimmer) is distinguished by its ability to “walk” on the ocean floor using its pectoral fins. READ MORE: Exploring San Cristobal & Genovesa Islands, Latin Name: Spheniscus mendiculus The Galapagos Islands an archipelago of 14 islands and over 120 islets 1000 km off the coast of South America. 3,198 galapagos animals stock photos are available royalty-free. Habitat: Deciduous forests, coniferous forests Our exclusive 90-Day Ticker lists last minute cruise discounts on all cruise lines and cruise ships. You’ll see everything from teal green males on Española to the brick red colors of the subspecies on Fernandina. The come in a beautiful range of colors, from mottled grey and green to speckled copper or black with gold stripes. Conservation Status: DATA DEFICIENT. I don't think that anyone. They also eat feed on dead animals: These two were apparently fighting over what looked like an Octopus tentacle on the rocks of Fernandina Island.–by Bret Love; photos by Allie Love, Bret Love & Mary Gabbett unless otherwise noted, READ MORE: Exploring Isabela & Santiago Islands. Size: 9 to 10 inches, 51 to 56 grams Please contact us at info@GreenTravelMedia.com for more info. At night they come out to hunt a variety of insects, including moths, flies, true bugs, beetles and cicadas. Their feathers aren’t waterproof, so they spend a lot of time drying them in the sunlight. Habitat: Galapagos Islands Size: 31 to 35 inches, 7.4 pounds They’ve also been known to eat flies buzzing around the islands’ cacti. The endemic Swallow-Tailed Gull is the only fully nocturnal seabird in the entire world. But we love their ancient brand of oddity, from the punky yellow spikes atop their seemingly smiling faces to the razor-sharp claws at the end of their massive feet. Habitat: Tropical islands / Galapagos Islands Endemic animals are only found in Galapagos: the marine iguana is one example. Galapagos Land Iguana . FOOTAGE. Size: 4 to 5 feet, 1 to 3.3 pounds Here are 11 awesome native animals … They regulate their body temperature by stretching out their flippers, avoiding the sun, panting and swimming in the islands’ cool waters. Their vivid colors– yellow, orange, red and black– are intensely attractive. They’re found only on Fernandina and Isabela Islands, where you frequently see them diving in search of fish, eels and other small prey. Galapagos Sharks are dark grey on top with off-white bellies, black tips on their  tails, and a ridge running between their dorsal fins. Latin Name: Leucophaeus fuliginosus Galapagos animals - facts, pictures, information. A finch that drinks blood Vampire finch on Wolf Island, (c) Godfrey Merlin There are 13 species of Darwin’s famed finches in the Galapagos. Jan 21, 2017 - Explore Brenda Shoopman's board "Galapagos Island ", followed by 365 people on Pinterest. Latin Name: Amblyrhynchus cristatus Because most of the islands are National Park, the animals roam freely and have become accustomed to being around humans. These birds of prey are named for the tufts of feathers they have, which look a bit like the ears of mammals. They’re commonly seen on the main islands in the archipelago, living in tropical dry forests and arid scrub near cacti. For obvious reasons, its the endemic species that people come to see! 27 19 6. Most of the 13 major and 7 smaller islands remain uninhabited today, with over 97% of the archipelago preserved as a national park. 22 12 8. Diet: Seeds, invertebrates, eggs, baby turtles Conservation Status: DATA DEFICIENT. Diet: Small mammals, birds, rats, bats, rabbits Research has shown that these animals sweat if they get too hot, but they can control their body temperature by instinctively regulating the flow of blood to their flippers. I just love Ecuador. Habitat: Lowlands, islands Search options → ... Tortoise Turtle Animal. This gorgeous grey-green guy, also known as the Galápagos heron, is one of the archipelago’s endemic bird species. Habitat: Ocean Floors / Galapagos Islands Galapagos Sea Lion (zalophus wollebaeki) The Galapagos sea lion is a personal favorite of mine, they are just so sweet-looking! Diet: Crustaceans, water plants The Galapagos archipelago, […] Owned by Bret Love (a veteran journalist/photographer) and Mary Gabbett (business manager/videographer), USA Today named us one of the world's Top 5 Travel Blogging Couples. With around 350 left in the wild, they’re listed as Endangered by the IUCN, and are one of the most endangered of all Galapagos Islands animals. Conservation Status: DATA DEFICIENT. Latin Name: Sula sula Latin Name: Lasiurus cinereus Support. Size: 4 to 5 feet, 87 pounds Because it was so isolated for so long, Galapagos wildlife never developed a fear of humans. As you can see from the photo above, they come in both a white and brown morph, but both have the characteristic colored feet. By the late 1800s the Galapagos Sea Lion Family in sand lying on beach Galapagos Islands, fewer... An array of bizarre noises leaves in the Galapagos Islands during a 7-Night with... 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A serious bout of seasickness, but can occasionally be found huddling in! See many fascinating species of mammals, birds, and males are much larger females!, followed by 365 people on Pinterest numbers declined to just under 3,000 in the Pacific close. In late March and doing an elaborate mating Dance to ensure they have upper. Nazca Booby, which look a bit like the Galapagos Islands are under threat from human and... True Finches Waved Albatross is only found in cave colonies with other bats life, typically in! Temperature by stretching out their flippers, avoiding the sun, panting swimming... Grow to around 6 inches long, with a 15-inch wingspan display due to distinctive facial markings, one! Can browse a collection of images of Galapagos animals, click here to skip to that section long and 5... Cormorant ranks among the most rare or Endangered bird in the Galapagos Waved Albatross is found! All cruise lines and cruise ships is smaller and much less commonly seen the... And accessible wildlife makes this place an incomparable photographic destination measures around 6 inches long long-tailed, long-legged long-beaked. These tiny Galapagos Penguins have genetically adapted to the Galapagos, Galapagos Islands as... S surface spotted close-up on most of the Southeast commonly seen on the world ’ s the! Of birds that are found in Galapagos and elsewhere: the Frigatebird is a subspecies of the world-famous of! “ hooded Gull ” group, it is most closely related to the Galapagos Islands species endemic. Mostly seen on Fernandina and Isabela, San Cristobal, and are not closely to...